Author: Monique Gutierrez

Do you blame fats for those stubborn pounds you can’t seem to shed? Or maybe you’re guilty of using them to amp up the flavor and texture of your food—perhaps a little too often? Should I try low-fat? No fat? We have all been there.

Fats are a type of macronutrient, which means they’re essential for your health in larger amounts. In fact, fats are the most energy-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal per gram, while other macronutrients like protein and carbohydrates offer only 4 kcal per gram each. They play a key role providing fatty acids that assist in many important functions, like providing energy, supporting cell structure, and helping your body absorb fat-soluble vitamins. Despite what some low-fat diets suggest, fats are beneficial—it’s just important to choose the right types. They also have complex effects on your metabolism, influenced by factors like the type of fat, timing, and your individual body. Fats are crucial for everything from building cell membranes to producing sex hormones and fueling and protecting your body.

Types of Fats

There’s no doubt that the types of fats you consume daily influence your body’s metabolism and affect your organs. You’ve probably been told that reducing saturated fats or sodium is essential if you’re at risk for heart disease. Let’s break down the different types of dietary fats so you can improve not only your heart health but your overall well-being. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that 20-35% of your daily calories come from fat, with a focus on limiting saturated and trans fats.

Saturated Fats

Solid at room temperature, think lard or butter, saturated fats are found in animal-based products like beef, pork, and high-fat dairy foods such as butter, margarine, cream, and cheese. They also sneak their way into many fast, processed, and baked foods, like cheesy pizza, decadent desserts, juicy hamburgers, and those irresistible cookies and pastries. While they can add rich flavor and texture to our meals, these fats have gained a bit of a bad reputation. When consumed in excess, they can affect your health, such as raising your LDL-cholesterol levels, which is a major contributor to heart disease.

Unsaturated Fats

This is considered to be the healthy kind, and there are two types: monounsaturated and polyunsaturated. Monounsaturated fats (MUFA) are found in a variety of foods, including avocados, peanut butter, and nuts like almonds, hazelnuts, cashews, and pecans. They’re also present in seeds such as pumpkin, sesame, and sunflower, as well as in plant oils like olive, peanut, safflower, sesame, and canola oils. These healthy fats help increase HDL-cholesterol, which plays a key role in removing LDL-cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing the harmful effects of LDL and promoting heart health.

Omega-9s are a specific type of MUFA, and are especially known for their heart-healthy benefits. One of the most common sources of omega-9s is olive oil, which is high in oleic acid. Although omega-9s are beneficial for your health, they are not considered essential because your body can produce them as needed.

Polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs) include essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. These healthy fats are found in plant-based oils like soybean, corn, and safflower oils, as well as in foods like walnuts, flaxseeds, sunflower seeds, and fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and trout. PUFAs are crucial for brain health, heart function, and reducing inflammation.

The three main omega-3 fatty acids—alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—each play important anti-inflammatory roles. ALA is considered a precursory for DHA and EPA but the conversion rate is slow. This nutrient is primarily found in plant oils like flaxseed, soybean, and canola oils, while EPA and DHA are mainly found in fish and other seafood. Omega-6s provide essential benefits like energy, maintaining healthy cell membranes, supporting skin health, regulating metabolism, and contributing to brain function. One key omega-6 fatty acid is linoleic acid (LA), which is commonly found in seed oils, as well as nuts and seeds. However, consuming too much can promote inflammation.

Trans Fats

Categorized as an unsaturated fat, trans fats are often considered the most harmful fat, similar to saturated fats, that should be avoided due to their negative impact on metabolic health. These fats are linked to an increased risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Trans fats are created when vegetable oils—normally liquid at room temperature—undergo a process called partial hydrogenation. This chemical transformation turns the oils into a solid form at room temperature, which extends the shelf life of products for manufacturers. Unfortunately, this process comes at a cost to our health. Today, many packaged and processed foods contain trans fats, including fried foods, baked goods like cookies and pies, crackers, margarine, frozen desserts, and even candy bars.

Shop Smarter for Your Health

Often, low-fat products still contain filler carbs in the form of sugar to make up for the loss of flavor and texture. So, if a product is labeled ‘low-fat,’ be sure to check the ingredients for terms like ‘syrup,’ ‘sweetener,’ or anything ending in ‘-ose,’ as these are often signs of hidden sugars. When it comes to avoiding harmful fats, steer clear of foods that list ‘partially hydrogenated oils’ (PHOs) on the label, as these are a source of trans fats, which should be limited for optimal health.

Navigating ingredient labels can be tricky, but it’s important to make informed choices. Always try to avoid products with long, complicated ingredient lists that are hard to pronounce—these often indicate highly processed foods with additives and preservatives that may not be ideal for your body. Instead, look for simple, whole-food ingredients whenever possible, and you’ll be making strides toward a healthier, more balanced diet!

Experience Your Best Self with Tucson Wellness MD

We want you to love yourself, so focus on nourishing your body with healthy fats. By making mindful choices, you can not only support your heart and overall health but also feel your absolute best. If you’re looking to achieve your ideal weight and boost your energy, our weight loss services are here to guide you every step of the way. If you’re looking for nutritional support and guidance, don’t hesitate to reach out! Schedule a consultation today. At Tucson Wellness MD, we take pride in specializing in longevity and holistic wellness. Our approach is all about helping you live a vibrant, healthy life that lasts longer. Remember, today is the perfect day to start living better, for longer.

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We’ve already covered the importance of macronutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—as the essential building blocks that fuel our bodies, make up our structure, and support overall health. Getting the right balance of these macronutrients is key to staying energized and strong. But that’s just part of the equation. The quality of the macronutrients you consume also impacts your intake of micronutrients—the vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants necessary for boosting our immune system, supporting bone health, and regulating metabolism. Together, macronutrients and micronutrients work in harmony to keep our bodies functioning at their best.

Vitamins and minerals are needed in smaller quantities than macronutrients, but they are essential for supporting your metabolic processes—such as hormone production, cell signaling, and DNA function. Without adequate levels of these micronutrients, your body won’t function at its best. Whether we realize it or not, we are truly a reflection of what we eat. Remember: if it’s not nourishing you, it’s draining you.

The Small but Mighty Nutrients

The daily nutrient requirements can vary based on factors such as gender, age, and life stage. For instance, women who are pregnant or lactating have higher nutrient needs compared to those who are not, and these needs also differ from those of men. Nutrient intake is commonly measured in micrograms (µg), milligrams (mg), or International Units (IU) to ensure accurate recommendations based on individual needs.

Vitamins:

There are thirteen essential vitamins, and they fall into two categories: water-soluble and fat-soluble. Water-soluble vitamins—like all the B vitamins and vitamin C—are absorbed with water and are excreted daily through urine and sweat. This means you need to replenish them regularly to keep your body’s stores topped up. On the other hand, fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are absorbed with fat and stored in your liver and fat tissue for future use. Because of this, you don’t need them as frequently, but they are still vital for maintaining your overall health and supporting important bodily functions. Vitamins, produced by plants and animals, are more delicate than minerals and can break down when exposed to heat, air, or acid.

There are thirteen essential vitamins, and they fall into two categories: water-soluble and fat-soluble. Water-soluble vitamins—like all the B vitamins and vitamin C—are absorbed with water and are excreted daily through urine and sweat. This means you need to replenish them regularly to keep your body’s stores topped up. On the other hand, fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are absorbed with fat and stored in your liver and fat tissue for future use. Because of this, you don’t need them as frequently, but they are still vital for maintaining your overall health and supporting important bodily functions. Vitamins, produced by plants and animals, are more delicate than minerals and can break down when exposed to heat, air, or acid.

Minerals:

There are fourteen essential trace minerals that are vital for your body’s proper function. These minerals are divided into two categories: major minerals and trace minerals. Major minerals, like calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium, are needed in larger amounts—usually 100mg or more daily. You may also recognize these as electrolytes, which play key roles in fluid balance and muscle function. On the other hand, trace minerals, like chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc, are required in smaller amounts, usually less than 100mg a day. In contrast to vitamins, minerals come from soil and water and maintain their chemical structure even when exposed to air, heat, or acid. All minerals need to be replenished daily to ensure your body has optimal stores for peak performance.

To preserve nutrients, try eating fresh foods, using cooking methods that retain their vitamins and minerals, and storing your foods properly.

The Power of Food and Smart Supplementation

Eating a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and animal-based foods is a fantastic way to get your essential micronutrients! These nutrients are found in a wide range of foods, making it easy to meet your daily requirements—unless you’re eliminating entire food groups or macronutrients from your diet. In such cases, supplementation can help fill any gaps and ensure you’re getting the nutrients you need. Although supplementation isn’t recommended as your sole source of nutrients, it can be helpful in bringing you back to optimal levels when needed. It’s also crucial to be mindful of which supplements you choose, as not all products on the market are made with high-quality ingredients. Keep in mind that it’s easy to overconsume supplements—having too much or too little of a nutrient can be harmful. Finding the right balance that works for you is essential to stay on track with your health goals.

Well, How Much is Enough?

In case you weren’t aware, the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) is responsible for setting the Daily Recommended Intake (DRIs) for vitamins and minerals. These guidelines are designed to help us maintain a balanced diet and are used to create food recommendations. The DRIs are specific to age, gender, and life stage, covering over 40 essential nutrients. They’re based on research into nutrient deficiencies and toxicity, ensuring that the guidelines are grounded in science to promote overall health and well-being. It can be challenging to remember all of the nutrients you need to take, so here is a cheat sheet for you!

Finding Your Perfect Balance of Micronutrients

By understanding how vitamins and minerals support your body, you can make informed choices that enhance your health and vitality every day. If you’re ready to dive deeper into your unique micronutrient needs and understand your daily requirements, schedule a consultation with the nutritionist at Tucson Wellness MD. Let’s work together to make nutrition easier, more accessible, and tailored to your needs!

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Each person is unique, and so is their body! Balanced nutrition means listening to your body and eating a variety of nutrient-rich foods to improve health and well-being. It’s about giving your body the essential nutrients it needs for energy and proper function while focusing on moderation particularly with refined sugars, saturated fats, and salt, to reduce health risks like diabetes, obesity, and high cholesterol. Nutrition isn’t just about fueling your body; it’s about making choices that support your long-term well-being and longevity.

While everyone has an opinion on what the “perfect” diet looks like, there’s no one-size-fits-all approach. The secret is finding the right balance for you. Your body is unique, and the best nutrition plan is one that’s tailored to your needs, helping you thrive both now and in the future. Nutrition is made up of three essential components, macronutrients, micronutrients, and hydration, which all work together to keep your body running smoothly. These elements support everything from immune function to digestive health and organ performance.

Breaking Down the 3 Key Macronutrients

To start on the path to balanced nutrition, it’s crucial to understand your macronutrient needs, as these are required in larger amounts to fuel your body properly. Together, these macronutrients should make up 100% of your daily caloric intake. And while alcohol is often thought to be the “fourth macronutrient,” it’s important to note that it’s not a recommended source of energy and should be consumed in moderation, if at all.

Carbohydrates, or Carbs:

These should make up 45-65% of your daily calorie intake and serve as the primary energy source for your body. Without carbs, your muscles and tissues lack the energy necessary to function properly. This includes its role in gut health and immune function, insulin secretion, and the uptake of glucose in cells.

Carbohydrates can be classified into two forms: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates break down quickly in the body, causing a rapid spike in blood sugar leading to that quick sugar high followed by an inevitable sugar crash. Watch out for added sugars! Unlike naturally occurring sugars, which are found in whole foods, added sugars are introduced during processing to enhance flavor and extend shelf life. It’s recommended to limit added sugars to less than 10% of your daily calorie intake. Simple sugar sources such as donuts, candies, soda, and other sugary beverages, are prime examples of foods high in added sugars. Consuming too much added sugar can lead to diabetes, harm dental health, and contribute to heart health issues.

Refined carbs, a type of simple carbohydrate, are heavily processed and stripped of most of their fiber and nutrients, making them digest quickly and offering little nutritional value. Examples of refined carbs include white bread, pastries, sugary cereals, and white rice. It’s recommended to consume whole grains when possible to reap the full nutritional benefits, as they retain their fiber and essential nutrients, providing more sustained energy and better overall health benefits.

In contrast, complex carbohydrates digest more slowly, offering a steady release of energy and are typically considered healthier due to their higher fiber content. Fiber, a non-digestible type of complex carb, is a true powerhouse, it helps you feel full longer, supports gut health, and even improves cholesterol levels. To stay at your best, it’s important to include plenty of fiber in your daily diet! You can get fiber from plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

Lipids, or Fats:

It is recommended to obtain 20-35% of your daily calories from fats, also known as lipids. Fats are energy-dense and serve as the body’s preferred source of fuel, playing crucial roles in producing sex hormones, maintaining cell structure, regulating body temperature, and aiding in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as D, E, K, and A. They also enhance the taste and texture of foods.

Dietary lipids can be classified into triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols, glycolipids, and fatty acids, each serving distinct functions in the body. These include cholesterol production for sex hormone synthesis, maintaining cell membrane integrity, and supporting the protection of nerve sheaths, which are essential for proper nerve function and communication.

The most common form of fat in our meals is triglycerides, which are broken down into glycerol and fatty acid components. In nutrition, fatty acids are the types of fats most frequently discussed, and they exist in two main forms: saturated and unsaturated. Saturated fats, commonly found in animal products and solid at room temperature (such as butter or lard), can raise LDL cholesterol levels. When LDL cholesterol builds up, it can contribute to serious health problems, including heart disease. It is recommended to limit saturated fats to less than 10% of your total daily calorie intake to help reduce the risk of negative health outcomes.

On the other hand, unsaturated fats, commonly found from plant sources and liquid at room temperature, can help lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol, which is a more beneficial form of cholesterol. Essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6, are types of unsaturated fatty acids that are crucial for our health and must be obtained through food. While both are necessary, omega-3’s are often prioritized due to concerns about the effects of omega-6s. The key difference between them lies in their impact on inflammation: omega-3s have anti-inflammatory properties, while omega-6s can promote inflammation when consumed in excess.

Let’s not forget about trans fats, a type of unsaturated fat that is chemically altered to become solid or semi-solid at room temperature. This process, known as hydrogenation, adds hydrogen to the fat, changing its structure. In the food industry, trans fats are often used to extend shelf life, enhance flavors, and improve texture. Common foods that contain trans fats include baked goods, fried foods, frozen meals, and shortening. However, consuming trans fats is not ideal, as they raise LDL cholesterol, promote inflammation, and contribute to insulin resistance, which can lead to serious health issues. With the rise of chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, trans fats could be a contributing factor. It’s important to be mindful of the fats you consume and opt for healthier sources to support long-term health.

Protein:

Proteins should make up about 10-35% of your daily caloric intake. Although they are less efficient for energy compared to carbs and fats, proteins play critical roles in the body’s structural and mechanical functions. These include DNA modulation, enzyme production, hormone regulation, and immune function, all crucial for normal growth and development, particularly during periods of growth.

Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks that supply the body with essential elements like nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, and carbon. There are 11 nonessential amino acids that the body produces naturally, so we don’t need to get them from food. However, there are 9 essential amino acids that the body cannot produce, and we must obtain them through the foods we eat. Together, these amino acids support your body’s growth, repair, and overall health.

Protein requirements can be influenced by factors such as age, pregnancy, lactation, illness, injury, metabolic stress, low calorie intake, and increased physical activity. In chronic situations, a diet lacking in protein can lead to serious health issues like marasmus and kwashiorkor. Getting enough protein through a balanced diet is crucial for maintaining your health, energy, and long-term vitality.

Finding the Perfect Balance

We know that overeating fats and carbs, especially when they come from non-nutrient-dense sources, is linked to conditions like diabetes, heart disease, weight gain, and other negative health effects. However, while overconsumption of protein hasn’t been shown to directly cause weight gain, it can help improve body composition, particularly when combined with weight or resistance training, rather than a sedentary lifestyle. By focusing on balanced, nutrient-rich foods and practicing mindfulness when eating, you can support a healthier body and reduce the risk of these conditions.

Finding the right balance of macronutrients for your body is all about what works best for you. We all have different needs, so it’s not about cutting out a particular food group, it’s about finding a healthy mix of fats, carbs, and protein that keeps you feeling energized, satisfied, and strong. Whether you’re looking to fuel workouts, manage weight, or just feel your best day-to-day, it’s important to listen to your body and adjust as you go. Finding that balance is a journey, and with the right approach, you’ll be supporting your overall health and wellness in a way that works for your unique lifestyle.

Balanced nutrition is about finding what works best for you.

By understanding how carbs, fats, and proteins fuel your body, you can make choices that support your health and energy every day. It’s not about being perfect, it’s about building sustainable habits that help you feel your best in the long run. If you’re ready to take the next step and figure out what your body truly needs, schedule a consultation with the nutritionist at Tucson Wellness MD. Let’s work together to make nutrition simpler, easier, and more enjoyable for you!

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